This just in.Revealed. We were just playing weekends.. How do you add classes to your resume? Hes like the Milli Vanilli of harmonica players. Either way, now Mickey Raphael is as seminal to Willie Nelsons sound as anything, and was an important part to so many of those massive Willie hits from the 70s and 80s. Thats where Mickey comes in. He was sitting outside the studio waiting for me and told me he was our new harmonica player. 9:20 am, Heres a Q&A with Mickey where he talks about getting to know Willie and it confirms the Darrell Royal story: Waylon took everything very seriously. Your email address will not be published. 2021-09-10 0. Howard Levys style can only be described as refreshing. Raphael produced another of Nelsons 2009 releases, Naked Willie. what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play Posted at 14:06h in does jetblue have power outlets by white stuff on frozen chicken cabarrus county sheriff's office directory Likes Harmonica. Justin Tipton & The Troublemakers are a rock band from Dallas, TX comprising Tipton (vocals, guitar), Josh Vaughn [], Living life to the full through a masterful blend of folk, bluegrass and old-time country. Michael Siegfried Raphael, known to one and all as "Mickey", was born in Dallas Texas in November 1951. I call Willie the benevolent dictator. He doesnt want to tell anybody what to do. Mickey Raphael has performed on the harmonica for all of the major players in the business for 45 years. March 27, 2017 @ It feels like were in the studio for so long now that I cant remember what weve worked on. Stevenson. Ive picked out three examples of Mickey Raphaels work which I think exemplify why this man is such an Unsung Hero of Americana. blue demon The Hohner Marine Band was introduced in 1896 and is probably the most commonly played harmonica in the world, which is why shortcuts in its manufacturing process had such profound repercussions. At the Farm Aid concert, Heidi Raphael and Mickey Raphael fell in love. Willie Nelson talks about his experiences with playing in minor league baseball stadiums with Bob Dylan in 2005 and 2006. Your email address will not be published. Good deal ! Fahrverkauf Ingolstadt; Preise [citation needed], Mickey Raphael lives in Nashville and continues to tour, record, and produce projects in Nashville, New York, and Los Angeles. Your email address will not be published. Always fun to read about the adventures of WIllie and Family. In a later scene, when the German . First up is a track, The Search from his solo album Hand to Mouth. Motley Crue kicked ass on there first 4 albums. But Raphael is perhaps best known for his work with Willie Nelson, with whom he will be performing when Willie Nelson and Family plays Northern Quest Resort and Casino on Tuesday. 6:08 pm. He initially became famous when he joined with Alligator Records to release his album series. This harmonica comes beautifully packaged, a true collector's piece that any Dylan fan will treasure. This versatility is reflected in various music genres and world-famous harmonicists have had a huge part to play in the evolution of the instrument. This will never happen. Interview by Scott Preston Photo by Frank Stewart Born and raised in the Lone Star State of Dallas Texas, Mickey Raphael's career as Willie Nelson's Harmonica player has spanned almost three decades. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dlZM_zJzh0. Bath Jean-Michel Jarre praises the totally revolutionary Osmose and shows off the Rolls-Royce of Moogs, 5 reasons were excited about Rolands SH-4d (plus 3 things we would've done differently), Deadmau5 delivers his verdict on AI music production: Its scary in the sense of how stupid music already is anyway, Google Assistant reveals the source of previously undiscovered samples in music from Daft Punk, "We are changing vintage guitar collecting forever": Gibson officially launches Certified Vintage program, Brian Eno kept a backup, backup laptop in a fridge for his Acropolis gig with brother Roger, Damon Albarn reveals that the beat from one of Gorillaz best-loved songs was an Omnichord loop preset. For the Good Times: A Tribute to Ray Price. 4:18 pm, Biscuit In addition to employing creative, entrepreneurial, artist-focused product and sales strategies, HVM leverages available delivery technologies to produce quality music. His journey started in earnest when he watched and later was mentored by legendary harmonica player Pat Ramsey in Memphis. Although he has managed to consolidate his own reputation as a skilled player, Mickey is probably most recognized thanks to his long collaboration with Willie Nelson. A Hohner endorsee and a master of the Hohner Echo Harp, which gives so many Willie Nelson tunes their signature sound, Raphael also owns harmonicas made or customized by Filisko and Power. The only other key you might consider is a high G harp. Alongside working with country and Americana artists such as Emmylou Harris, Jason Isbell, The Highwaymen, Townes van Zandt and many, many more, Raphael has also recorded with the likes of Motley Crue, Blue Oyster Cult, Lionel Ritchie, Snoop Dogg and Wynton Marsalis! Harmonica player Mickey Raphael hitched his wagon to a rising star in 1973. That debut album, titled Highwayman after the lead track, features primarily cover songs. Of course their dress was ridiculous, but that was the style of the time. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). "There are twelve basic keys in music, and the harmonica I play is tuned to one key," says Raphael. Working on this project was such a treat.. Unless youre a fan, yall probably never heard it before. Willie Merlie & Ray: Big Hits Live From the "Last of the Breed" Tour. During this time, he wrote and sang Angel Flying Too Close to the Ground, which he sold to Arttwo for $50. March 27, 2017 @ The two have been playing together ever since, and have recorded and performed on many of Nelsons albums. Why dont you go with us? I said, Great.. your username. #2. What a player. 12:40 pm. I still do shows with him sometimes. Heidi Raphael is the wife of Mickey Raphael, a harmonica player. . They were going to pitch the idea to Willie, and Im going, Wishful thinking. Im sure he felt lucky just to have a record deal. As an insider to The Highwaymen in the studio and on the road, Raphaels memories are as much personal as they are professional. by Holly Gleason Mickey Raphael wasn't much more than a kid when he ran away with the circus. Contact us using the form at the base of this page, or for a specific writer email us at this format: firstname.surname@americana-uk.com (not all staff writers have AUK emails set up so if it bounces, Americana UK is basically a non-commercial site, save for the odd audience-tailored americana ad, which relies on all the writers including myself doing what we do in our spare time. Why are they never ridiculed? There is no definite answer to this question as the two musicians have not explicitly stated whether or not they have ever played together. The lowly harmonica is a popular instrument in roots music. what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play Sir Adam the Great Nice read. Mickey Raphael appears on the following albums: This article about an American musician is a stub. We were playing in Australia and he invited me to have dinner with him and June. Here, he comes up with a great riff that is reminiscent of the rhythm of the trains wheels on the tracks and drives the song along beautifully. Mickey's talent has crossed genres and he has played with a variety of artists like Elton John , U2 , Motley Crue , Vince Gill , Emmy Lou Harris , Neil Young , Tom Morello , Paul Simon , Zac Brown Band , Leon Bridges , Merle Haggard , Kris . I wouldnt put them on Guns level but they were no pop hair band. It looks like Willies recollection of events might have been a little bit smoky. Thanks for the heads up. what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play Posted by June 8, 2022 golden retriever age progression pictures on what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play Despite his efforts, she does not seem to notice him and he eventually gives up on her. Bobbie Nelson, Willie Nelsons sister and piano player, still performs at most shows with her brother. Mickey Raphael has performed on the harmonica for all of the major players in the business for 45 years. New RC album drops Friday! Kristofferson still performs on occasion, and Nelson will play 85 dates this year. Although he has managed to consolidate his own reputation as a skilled player, Mickey is probably most recognized thanks to his long collaboration with Willie Nelson. Beitrags-Autor: Beitrag verffentlicht: 22. In 2007, Nelson organized a benefit concert to benefit Habitat for Humanity as part of his environmental activism. Willie is a song about a young man who is in love with a girl named Willie. Charlie McCoy was the first harmonica player I really listened to in country music.. Highly regarded as one of the best harmonicists and blues players of his generation, Jason Ricci is extremely creative and modern. He has almost finished the last song on his album. He had moved to New York and was kind of a legend around Dallas. Mickey Raphael started out playing on the Dallas folk scene before meeting with Willie Nelson at a jam session. Well , just ask Willie and Neil ! Sir Adam the Great Willie was declared bankrupt after the IRS seized the majority of his assets in 1990, claiming he owed $32 million in back taxes. Theres more fun, wit, and intelligence in this ridiculous hair band video than in a lot of country music videos. This is Willie singing City of New Orleans and is actually from The Highwaymen tour of 1990 but its a great example of how Willie and Mickey work together. Latin, Classic Rock, country, Latin funk, jazz fusion and world music. And if Willie were to record those tunes next week, this is what they would sound like, because hes all about less is more, keeping things simple., http://www.2theadvocate.com/entertainment/music/80941992.html?showAll=y&c=y. They wanted a harmonica player and I had worked with (producer) Tom Werman when I recorded with Blue Oyster Cult, so he called me up and asked me to come in and play on the song. This and his passion has earned him fans and adoration from all over the world. 2015. Mickey had also confirmed his role in the song to the Orleans Times Herald in 2010. Long after he was laid to rest, musicians today still try to emulate his style and very few have managed to replicate it. A few hidden guitar solos from Nelson and Nashville studio ace Grady Martin surfaced, too. As Ricci gigged and grew as a player he . Real Name: Mickey Raphael Profile: Texax blues harmonica player known for his close association with Willie Nelson . March 27, 2017 @ PLUS, news about new publications. When I heard him play, just sitting on the floor, I recognized a good song, Raphael said. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. I couldnt remember earlier, so I Googled their three names and got the Austin360 link I posted above. The Red-Headed Stranger performs at the Peace Center on Monday. Sure, it's Willie Nelson's band, but still, Mickey's been playing "Crazy" since Mariah Carey was two, and the war in Vietnam plagued us!" . 2:48. Youll never get the four guys to agree to this. They all look a little tired Im a promoter, label and/or artist and would like to send Americana, Something for the weekend: The Guthries Season to Leave, Award-winning radio presenter Mike Ritchie to broadcast 400th show this weekend, Kassi Valazza Corners hear the Silver Raven sing, Video Premiere: Hannah Aldridge Dorero, Justin Tipton & The Troublemakers Burn These Bridges, Good list. Its If I have to tell you, I can do it myself. After the jam, Nelson invited Raphael to sit in again some time. It shows just how beautiful a harmonica can sound but is also a great demonstration of how much control Raphael is capable of when he plays. "The harmonica is actually pretty hard to play well," says harmonica virtuoso Mickey Raphael, who has shared the stage with Willie Nelson for the better part of 40 years. This new song is taken from her album Kassi Valazza Knows Nothing and it something more than country. Heidi joined Greater Media, Inc. in 2005 as director of corporate communication, and in 2008 she was promoted to vice president. The album Theater of Pain would go one to be certified 4X platinum and Mtley Cre would become arena superstars after the success of the song. Otherwise, we went over the songs several times to establish a groove, and then the principals came in. Mickey Raphael "Mickey Raphael has been playing harmonica in the same country band for almost 30 years. Theyre tuned in C and G, and A and D. The A/D was discontinued, but Hohner recently decided to bring it back because I use them so much. And he was a great guitar player. Here, he judges his contribution perfectly, coming in right at the end of the song but putting a real stamp on it, emphasising the pathos in the song and driving home the underlying sense of loneliness, despite the positivity of the lyric. Sitting in at folk-type clubs, Raphael picked up a position in the band of BW Stevenson before meeting Nelson one night in 1973. Brokeback Mountain-Mickey Raphael Jack Twist, played by Jake Gyllenhall, pulls out a harmonica by the campfire and plays it badly, a fact that is pointed out several times by Ennis Del Mar, played by Heath Ledger (1979-2008). Happy Hour Harmonica Podcast Mickey Raphael interview September 02, 2020 Neil Warren . Its hard to name a more famous harmonica player these days than Willie Nelsons Mickey Raphael. Required fields are marked *. Waylon Jennings, who recorded it later, would record it and become a country classic. While this was his excuse to get out of gym class, Mickey realized his love for music and gravitated towards playing the harmonica. Waylon was like a rock star to me. She used to take hour flights to see her husband when he didnt have tour obligations. They were all such professionals, but they had a great time making the record. Recording star status followed in 1975 with The Red Headed Stranger, a bare-bones album that eschewed the slick Nashville Sound producers had slathered over Nelsons 60s recordings. As a Democrat, he has frequently spoken out against the party and supported candidates across the political spectrum. Stevenson's band. Theres much more to recording a harmonica than many listeners realize. March 28, 2017 @ It was lucrative for him, but he wasnt driven by that., Nelsons star continued rising through the 70s, spurred by hit duets with Waylon Jennings (Good Hearted Woman and Mammas Dont Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys), more solo hits and 1978s Stardust album. March 28, 2017 @ When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. I agree. Chips didnt have to tell the band what to do. He came off as tough, but he was a pussycat. A producer, guitarist and songwriter, over time he had worked with all four of The Highwaymen, co-writing, with keyboardist Bobby Emmons, Jennings 1977 hit, Luckenbach, Texas, and producing albums for Nelson. When professional players are asked to list their favorite harmonica player, you are more than likely to have Little Walter mentioned several times. Company Information; FAQ; Stone Materials. Heidi Raphaels net worth is estimated to be $1 $3 million. Raphael is an essential part of Nelsons band, and his contributions have helped to make Nelson one of the most successful and popular country music artists of all time. Although small, skilled harmonicists have the capacity to control the mighty mouth harp to make it produce beautiful sounds akin to the human voice. They are all icons, he says of Nelson, Kristofferson, Jennings, and Cash. Willie Nelsons son, Mickey Raphael, has performed 7,000 shows with his father. The Greater Boston United Nations Association counts Heidi as a member. Juni 2022; Beitrags-Kategorie: abandoned mansion with everything inside Beitrags-Kommentare: michelle snow foundation michelle snow foundation But something a lot of folks dont know is that he played on another massive hit that is about as far flung from Willie Nelson and country as you can get. This entry was posted on Wednesday, August 23rd, 2017 at 9:00 pm and is filed under Uncategorized. Willie Nelson's harmonica player for the last 37 years,Mickey Raphael endorses his BlowsMeAway wood harmonica mic for his blues work on stage with Willie. Tremolo Harmonica. What type of harmonica does Charlie McCoy play . Mick Mars isnt a flashy guitar player but he was good and drove a hard sound. In addition, she serves as vice president of the boards of the Everywoman Opportunity Center and the Buffalo Broadcasters Association. I just wanted to play in a country band and ride around in a bus., Raphael credits blues great Paul Butterfield and rhythm and blues saxophone genius King Curtis as two of his biggest influences. March 27, 2017 @ The Blues harmonica genius became increasingly popular during the 80s thanks to a series of albums that he released under Alligator Records. We went all over the world, and man, that was fun. Aldridges striking, unsmiling visage fills the screen as her breathy alto voice fills [], Americana UK 2021, a website based in the People's Republic of Liverpool. 4:47 pm. There would be plenty who disagree but this is a man who seems very comfortable in his own skin. How many songs has he got in his head? But we didnt tune anything. I knew this Monday would special. I was a fan of his before I met Willie. Wow, 11 years later, one of the most intriguing and hotly contested mysteries of modern rock has been solved. "Known for her ability to play fiddle-tunes on the harmonica or to twin fiddlers with the harmonica . Audio Production, Compilation Producer, Harmonica, Producer. Your email address will not be published. Who Is John Flannery Wife Holly Lynne Flannery? He doesnt realize that you gotta put out a record and work it, Raphael explained. Effortlessly assembling four established talents is almost unimaginable in any genre, what with schedules, tours, have your people call my people, and, quite frankly, heaping amounts of hubris that permeate the music industry. Luckily, revisionist history has been kind to Mickey, and on Wikipedia and other places proper credit has been given to him for his contribution to the song. Kevin Smith I like to play Still Is Still Moving. Thats always a fun song to play. His intelligent playing style has become a hallmark of Nelsons crossover sound, earning him a large audience worldwide. He had a floor-to-ceiling home library of reference books. Am I going to country music Hell if I said I spent the mid 80s listening to Hair Metal ? To paraphrase Dolly, we will always love you (and be hugely grateful), Thats it from us for another week dear reader dont forget to check out Mike Ritchies 400th show on Sunday, details here but in the meantime we leave you with a classic track [], Former twice winner of Americana UK Readers Poll for best Radio Show, Mike Ritchie, presenter of the Sunday Show on Celtic Music Radio, will broadcast his 400th show this weekend. March 27, 2017 @ Each one brings something different musically, lyrically, and energy-wise to the stage. Heres how it works. Willies response? what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play One of his most enthusiastic boosters was University of Texas Football coach Darrell Royal, a passionate fan of country music. Surprisingly, for all the records he has played on, Raphael has just two solo recordings to his name, Hand to Mouth, an album of original tunes released in 1987 and 1999s Red River Valley, an album of Cowboy related songs, such as the title track and tunes like Shenandoah and Streets of Laredo. kenworth fan clutch solenoid location; sara gilbert baby father; jeffrey berns, wife; how to add follower count command nightbot; will gregg marshall coach again; He is not only one of the most successful songwriters of all time, having written nearly every Beatles hit, as well as solo hits such as Let It Be and Hey Jude. Heidi Raphael and her husband are not parents, as neither Mickey nor Heidi has mentioned their children.She has had several career triumphs, and the Beasley Media Group appointed her to Chief Communications Officer in 2019. Our Unsung Heroes of Americana series is all about championing the people, places and things that help to bring this great music to the listening public without ever really coming into the spotlight themselves. I still believe Willie cannot be played properly today. Harmonicists can be found performing in many genres of music including the predictable blues, rock, and country to the most surprising territories of jazz and classical music. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 2:07 pm, Corncaster He was this big guy, dressed in leather, with long hair and a beard, his persona was a badass, but he was very kind and generous. He is mainly known for his fusion style that combines blues, funk, folk. He was born on April 30, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. [], More magic from the muddy shores of Muscle Shoals, Hannah Aldridge brings Southern Gothic vibes to life in the video for Dorero. Stevensons band. 5:43. Each one has two sides that play. This entry was posted on Friday, January 8th, 2010 at 8:52 am and is filed under Mickey Raphael. He also plays the saxophone and the trumpet. http://www.joenickp.com/books/mvpq.html. Raphael got his first harmonica when he was about fifteen years old and gravitated towards the Dallas folk music scene as a teenager. He was born in Los Angeles. A member of Willie Nelson's band since 1973, Mickey Raphael has become one of the most celebrated harmonica players in country music, bending notes for everyone from Chris Stapleton to Jason. Previous. He sat me down one night after a show and showed me this little lick that went all the way up and down the harmonica, just a little pattern. Tourism Visakhapatnam Uncategorized what kind of harmonica does mickey raphael play. Starting out in 1973, he become the steady harmonica . He has been heavily involved in efforts to legalize marijuana and use biofuels. MusicRadar is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Production credits include Naked Willie, a stripped-down remix of Willie Nelson's early RCA catalogs and the 2016 release of The Highwaymen box set, which includes live performances by Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, Johnny Cash and Kris Kristofferson, and one new release co-produced by Raphael with Chips Moman. (If you cant bear to sit through the whole thing, the harmonica solo is at 2:10), Brownville Station, Mickey Raphael, Motley Crue, Smokin In The Boys Room, Vince Neal, Willie Nelson, I miss Stevie Gaines He knew I was interested in Biblical history, and he was a scholar of the Old Testament. Raphael attributes his inspiration to blues legends Paul Butterfield and blues saxophonist King Curtis. From what I can tell, anyway. Willie Nelson despite having written such classics as Patsy Clines Crazy, Ray Prices Night Life, Rob Orbisons Pretty Paper and Faron Youngs Hello Walls was but a regionally popular singer-songwriter playing Texas clubs in 1973. We mixed it in stereo, and then in Surround for the film, and the overall sound of the vocals is so much better. They were just thinking about making the best possible record.. 9:35 pm. Donnie Brooks inspired Mickey to play. He picked up the instrument as a teenager when he started playing in a punk rock band. Mickey Raphael was born on November 7, 1951 in Dallas, Texas, United States of America. He has always maintained that the hardest thing for a supporting musician to learn is when not to play. His fans continue to support him in his career, and Nelson is a well-known figure in the music community. The resulting informal jam session included Charley Pride and Willie Nelson, who passed around a guitar and took turns singing. Robert St A harmonica, a voice and a bagpipe play the emotion provoking "Silent Night". Multiple Nelson recordings, both new and reissued, typically appear each year. Theyre working on a collection of Frank Sinatra songs. He knew these guys - they were like extra fingers on his creative hands. He gave me a concordance and showed me how to use it. . 2 album, and with the title track from Never Could Toe The Mark. There was such a creative vibe. CMUSE is a participant of the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program it is designed to provide an aid for the websites in earning an advertisement fee by means of advertising and linking to Amazon.com products. Required fields are marked *. I just said, Follow us, kid. In a few years Mickey was a star, dating Ali McGraw and living on the beach in Malibu.. Paul Butterfield was a mentor to . 2nd Position emphasizes draw notes at the low end - If you want to jam to a song while playing 2nd Position, you must primarily, but not exclusively, play the draw (inhale) notes at the low end of the harmonica (holes 1 through 5 draw). Hes not known as a singer, but I can listen to his records all day long. His first two singles, Touch Me and Willingly (a duet with Shirley Collie), both reached the country Top Ten. And when Cash assembled his friends Nelson, Jennings, and Kristofferson for Christmas On The Road, a 1984 special in Montreaux, Switzerland, certainly he never imagined that he was launching a country music supergroup that would record three albums and tour the world. He would direct that. So I said, This guy must really have something. It didnt take long to figure it out for myself and, having not been a fan of country music before, I fast became one.. Nelson, disillusioned with the Nashville music system, had only recently returned to his native Texas. The gigs came in. Mickey Raphael has played the harmonica for Willie Nelson for over three decades. Once you've heard a few notes from Mickey you'II always recognize his playing. March 27, 2017 @ The Red-Headed Stranger performs at the Peace Center on Monday. "Vince played a harmonica on the last note of the song, so he was credited for harmonica. June 22, 2022 . He inscribed it, May you see and receive all good things. When I worked on the box set, I had the hard drives at home. I always loved playing with him because the harmonica really fit his music. Las mejores ofertas para CD usado: Mickey Raphael "Hand To Mouth" (1987) composiciones para armnica estn en eBay Compara precios y caractersticas de productos nuevos y usados Muchos artculos con envo gratis! As a teenager, Raphael gravitated toward the Dallas folk music scene and fell under the spell of legendary harmonica great Don Brooks. In 1984, country music was again in a state of flux, emerging from its Urban Cowboy phase, but a few years away from the New Traditionalist movement that would usher in a wave of artists in the vein of the classics. March 27, 2017 @ Michael Siegfried Mickey Raphael (born 1951) is a professional harmonica player best known for his work with Willie Nelson. Raphael is a highly skilled musician, and his playing adds a unique element to Nelsons music. We were packed into this two-door car, going to dinner, and they were talking about the four guys making this record. Mickey Raphael is a harmonica player who has long been recognized as one of the top players in the country music industry. He is regarded as one of the most influential figures in the outlaw country genre, a sub-genre of country music. Note - this might be annoying so alternatively you can use the Mailchimp daily digest which is in this sidebar further up. He doesnt care about any of that.. Harmonicas have often been used to signify a train but its usually in the hissing of steam and the trains horn being sounded. I like Filip Jers but his name is not here. Willie Nelson was also on the country charts, reaching the top with his version of Steve Goodmans City of New Orleans, and a duet with Julio Iglesias, To All The Girls Ive Loved Before. His popularity grew with 1974s Phases and Stages. Some of Nelsons newer songs have been recorded with Raphael. Willie Nelson and Mickey Raphael began playing together in 1984, when Nelson hired him as a member of his band, the Highwaymen. Learn how your comment data is processed. The Fort Worth native began sitting in with Nelson in 1973 and stuck around until it became a . Its not four guys repeating themselves. Kris was kind of a revolutionary troublemaker. VitalSal - Qualidade de vida, com o melhor da natureza! England and Wales company registration number 2008885. On November 25th 2013 Jason Isbell played at Manchesters Ruby Lounge in support of his newly [], If you enjoy what you'r reading, please help us keep this site free from annoying pop-up ads by donating to our running costs. Mickey Raphael is one such master and he has helped to define the sound of Willie Nelson since he first started playing with Willie's band in the early 1970s, barely out of his teens.

Phi Beta Sigma Handshake, Lvmh Revenue By Brand, Watkins Glen Obituaries, Anita Feherty Age, Benefits Of Kahoot For Students, Articles W