Ball-and-socket joints, in which the rounded head of a bone fits into a large depression or socket, are found at the shoulder and hip joints. The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. b. a capsule that creates a space in the joint Which of the following statements is correct? The motion at this type of joint is usually small and tightly constrained by surrounding ligaments. b. the muscle twitch is a brief and "jerky movement", while the tetanic contraction is prolonged and continuous b. RA is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disorder. d. the clavicle and the scapula at the distal ends. At these joints, the rounded head of one bone (the ball) fits into the concave articulation (the socket) of the adjacent bone (see Figure 9.4.3f). Facet joint osteoarthritis (FJ OA) is widely prevalent in older adults, and is a common cause of back and neck pain. B they are lined with ciliated epithelium a. RA arthritis is due to the accumulation of crystals in the joints that impair movement of the joint and cause extreme pain. d. joint cavity, Articulations permitting only slight degreees of movement are___________, whereas articulations permitting no movement are called_____________. C parts of the DNA needed for the synthesis of calcium ions Bones bound together by thick collagen fibers, such as the sutures in our skull, form fibrous joints. a. one Z line to the next Z line The most commonly involved joints are the hands, feet, and cervical spine, with corresponding joints on both sides of the body usually affected, though not always to the same extent. D elastic connective tissue, In the embryo, the bones of the arms and legs are first made of: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, Chapter 20. C GH Inflammation occurs in the joint, and the fluid that accumulates causes swelling, stiffness, impairment of joint movement, and extreme pain. A second pivot joint is found at the proximal radioulnar joint. Which of the following is classified as a fibrous joint? c. amphiarthrosis A small intestine d. abductor, The segment of a myofibirl that is called a sarcomere runs from a. fibrous Which of the following are cartilaginous joints? B symphysis/discs of cartilage Which of the following is true about the shoulder joint? C fibrous connective tissue Synovial joints A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 1 and 2 E) All of these choices D) 1 and 2 Which functional class of joints contains joints that are freely movable? b. feet C brain In individuals with more advanced osteoarthritis, the affected joints can become more painful and therefore are difficult to use effectively, resulting in increased immobility. These structures can serve several functions, depending on the specific joint. Sutural joints are present between cranial bones of the skull. A calcium and Vitamin D C supports the trunk and head a. maximal overlap of thick and thin filaments Planar Joints Planar joints have bones with articulating surfaces that are flat or slightly curved faces. B cartilage d. forward sliding of the femur, c. forward sliding of the tibia on the femur, Which joint allows a side-to-side movement called lateral excursion? Hinge joints, such as at the elbow, knee, ankle, or interphalangeal joints between phalanx bones of the fingers and toes, allow only for bending and straightening of the joint. C joint capsule Which of the following correctly characterizes that joint? c. An impulse triggers the release of acetycholine (ACh), which diffuses across the synaptic cleft to stimulate the T tubules to release calcium. d. flexion, Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to joint stability? The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. c. a long band of collagen fibers that connect the hip to the knee b. arcuate popliteal ligament D vitamin C- needed for the formation of bone matrix, Three nutrients that are needed to become part of bone matrix are: c. Lyme disease c. They contain myofilaments necessary for muscle contraction Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 223; Tbl. It can arise from muscle overuse, trauma, excessive or prolonged pressure on the skin, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or infection of the joint. Pivot and hinge joints are functionally classified as uniaxial joints. B the mucus produced by their epithelium may block their outlets Find the reluctance of a magnetic circuit if a magnetic flux =4.2104Wb\phi=4.2 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~Wb}=4.2104Wb is established by an impressed mmf of 400 A-turns. III. The tests usually include the following: An exam of physical qualities of the fluid, such as its color and thickness. a. b. treppe See How Arthritis Causes Joint Pain B & & & \\ D \rightarrow A \\ a. d. another name for an iliotibial tract, The striations of a skeletal muscle cell are produced, for the most part by: b. bulky hip and thigh muscles surrounding the joint c. If a joint can exhibit extension, abduction, and rotation, then it is triaxial. c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum A definitive diagnosis from joint fluid findings can be made only in two situations: crystal synovitis and septic arthritis. There are more than 100 different forms of arthritis. c. The length of the muscle fiber before the contraction begins C they provide resonance for the voice D. The spongy bone of flat and irregular bones contains: A osteons to produce new bone. The immune system malfunctions and attacks healthy cells in the lining of your joints. d. Muscle spasms, because the ACh remaining in the synaptic cleft will irritate the receiving nerve, c. Weakness, because not all of the ACh will find a receptor, resulting in poor nerve transmission, Which factor infulences the strength with which a muscle fiber contracts? B zygomatic and temporal Additional structures located outside of a synovial joint serve to prevent friction between the bones of the joint and the overlying muscle tendons or skin. D none of these, The paranasal sinuses open into the a. Endomysium Explain and give an example of a negative feedback loop for the regulation of hormone secretion. Find the magnetizing force HHH in SI units if the magnetic circuit is 6 in long. d. It contains lactic acid. b. the additional joint present doubles the range of motion A B C D A D symphysis, Which of the following is NOT an example of a suture joint? Write an equation for the reaction of each antacid with hydrochloric acid. Synovial Joint: Synovial joins are joints that are located in between bones that move against each other. d. protraction. An extrinsic ligament is located outside of the articular capsule, an intrinsic ligament is fused to or incorporated into the wall of the articular capsule, and an intracapsular ligament is located inside of the articular capsule. The most common cause of hip disability is osteoarthritis, a chronic disease in which the articular cartilage of the joint wears away, resulting in severe hip pain and stiffness. b. minimal overlap of thick and thin filaments A) The greater tubercle of the humerus articulates at the coracoid process of the scapula. b. plantar flexion True or False: A ball-and-socket joint is a multiaxial joint. A parietal d. platysma, What is the linea alba? C calcium, phosphorus, and protein The acetabulum of the pelvis is reshaped and a replacement socket is fitted into its place. A few synovial joints of the body have a fibrocartilage structure located between the articulating bones. b. circumduction b. Connective tissue that covers each muscle fiber d. They occur only between bones with flat articular processes. 1. At a pivot joint, one bone is held within a ring by a ligament and its articulation with a second bone. The ability of the bones to move smoothly against each other within the joint cavity, and the freedom of joint movement this provides, means that each synovial joint is functionally classified as a diarthrosis. Both plane and ball-and-sockets joints are classified functionally as multiaxial joints. The anular ligament surrounds the head of the radius. B calcitonin B between the articular cartilages Note: The thermodynamic cycle involves four piston strokes. Which statement is NOT true of long bones? b. A smell B xiphoid process Nodding your head as in yes is an example of neck ____. A maxilla and frontal C GH a. medial rotation of an extended knee Exercise, anti-inflammatory and pain medications, various specific disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, or surgery are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Watch this video to see an animation of synovial joints in action. B both are ball-and-socket joints A articular cartilages provide smooth surfaces synovial joint - freely moving pubic symphysis - cartilaginous joint skull sutures - fibrous joint all are correct all are correct in a synovial joint, the joint capsule is lined by the? This patient also had crystals that accumulated in the space next to his spinal cord, thus compressing the spinal cord and causing muscle weakness. b. bursitis B sutures This is called an articular disc, which is generally small and oval-shaped, or a meniscus, which is larger and C-shaped. Protection against inhaled microorganisms O D. Filters inhaled particulate matter O E. Changes blood pH by changing oxygen levels. Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. d. hyaline cartilage connecting the two bones of the joint, d. hyaline cartilage connecting the two bones of the joint, A joint held together by fibrocartilage would be classified as a __________ joint. B parts of the RNA needed for the synthesis of calcium ions Synovial joints are enclosed by a capsule. Synovial joints are strengthened by the presence of ligaments, which hold the bones together and resist excessive or abnormal movements of the joint. The Tissue Level of Organization, Chapter 6. b. Since the rotation is around a single axis, pivot joints are functionally classified as a uniaxial diarthrosis type of joint. Explanati View the full answer Transcribed image text: 4. c. Sarcomeres c. cartilaginous This often results in significant joint pain, along with swelling, stiffness, and reduced joint mobility. Explain the statement, All proteins are polypeptides but not all polypeptides are proteins. The different types of synovial joints are the ball-and-socket joint (shoulder joint), hinge joint (knee), pivot joint (atlantoaxial joint, between C1 and C2 vertebrae of the neck), condyloid joint (radiocarpal joint of the wrist), saddle joint (first carpometacarpal joint, between the trapezium carpal bone and the first metacarpal bone, at the base of the thumb), and plane joint (facet joints of vertebral column, between superior and inferior articular processes). a. carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges c. the extracapsular ligament Bursitis is most commonly associated with the bursae found at or near the shoulder, hip, knee, or elbow joints. c. Connective tissue that surrounds the muscle outside the epimysium As the articular cartilage layer wears down, more pressure is placed on the bones. Plane joints are found between the carpal bones (intercarpal joints) of the wrist or tarsal bones (intertarsal joints) of the foot, between the clavicle and acromion of the scapula (acromioclavicular joint), and between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae (zygapophysial joints).

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